Drug-Drug Interactions

Drug-drug interactions occur when the effects of one drug are altered by the presence of another drug, leading to changes in efficacy, toxicity, or both. Interactions can occur at various stages of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, impacting drug absorption, metabolism, distribution, or excretion. For example, drugs that inhibit CYP enzymes can affect the metabolism of co-administered drugs, leading to increased drug concentrations and potential toxicity. Understanding drug-drug interactions is crucial for avoiding adverse effects, optimizing therapy, and ensuring patient safety. Healthcare providers must consider potential interactions when prescribing multiple medications to prevent harmful effects and maximize therapeutic benefits. Vigilance in identifying and managing drug-drug interactions is essential for safe and effective pharmacological treatment.